According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis of ATP formation in the chloroplast, which one does not contribute to the development of proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane?

The creation of proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane is a result of

The creation of proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane is a result of

Chemiosmotic hypothesis of ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is based on

What is the processes that creates proton gradient across thylakoid membrane ?

What is the processes that creates proton gradient across thylakoid membrane ?

The creation of proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane is a result of ______

choose correct option for chemiosmotic hypothesis of ATP formation in chloroplast (A).NADP reductase is located on lumen side of the thylakoid membrane (B).proton gradient across the membrane is generated due to pumping of protons as well as phytolysis of water (C). proton gradient breaks when proton move passively through F_0 particle (D). energy is not used to pump protons from stroma side to lumen side

" Which one is not a cause of development of proton gradient during chemiosmosis ? "