State Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and mention the factors affecting the equilibrium of a population.

Explanation

Allele frequencies in a population are stable and constant from generation to generation. The gene pool (total number of genes and their alleles in a population) remains constant.
Detailed Answer: The Hardy Weinberg Principle of genetic equilibrium states that "The relative frequencies of various kinds of genes in a large and randomly mating sexual panmitic population tend to remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of mutation, selection, and gene flow. This is called Hardy-Weinberg principle. Gene migration or Gene flow, genetic drift, mutation, genetic recombination, natural selection.