Which is the corrective vision for shortsighted defect?

Uma cannot able to see the nearer objects clearly, but can see the far objects which lens is very useful to correct his vision defect ?

Which lens can be used to correct the vision defect given in the above figure ?

Which lens is used to rectify the vision defect, hypermetropia ?

Which vision defect is called as "far sightedness" ?

What are refractive defects of vision ? Why these defects arise ?