Electrolysis of water with 1 faraday electricity gives

Options

A. 1 mole of oxygen
B. 1 gram equivalent of oxygen
C. 1 molecule of oxygen
D. 1 atom of oxygen

Explanation

To solve the problem of what is produced during the electrolysis of water with 1 Faraday of electricity, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Faraday's Law of Electrolysis**:
Faraday's law states that the amount of substance deposited or liberated at an electrode during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolyte. One Faraday (F) is equivalent to 96,485 coulombs and can deposit one gram equivalent of a substance.

2. **Identifying the Electrolysis Reaction**:
The electrolysis of water can be represented by the following reactions:
- At the cathode (reduction): \( 2H_2O + 2e^- \rightarrow H_2 + 2OH^- \)
- At the anode (oxidation): \( 4OH^- \rightarrow O_2 + 2H_2O + 4e^- \)

3. **Calculating the Amount of Hydrogen and Oxygen Produced**:
From the balanced equations, we see that:
- 2 moles of electrons (2F) are required to produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas (H₂).
- 4 moles of electrons (4F) are required to produce 1 mole of oxygen gas (O₂).

4. **Using 1 Faraday**:
Since 1 Faraday corresponds to 1 mole of electrons (approximately 96500 coulombs), we can determine how much of each gas is produced:
- For hydrogen: 1 Faraday produces \( \frac{1}{2} \) mole of H₂.
- For oxygen: 1 Faraday produces \( \frac{1}{4} \) mole of O₂.

5. **Calculating the Mass of Gases Produced**:
- The molar mass of hydrogen (H₂) is approximately 2 grams/mole. Therefore, \( \frac{1}{2} \) mole of H₂ produces \( \frac{1}{2} \times 2 = 1 \) gram of H₂.
- The molar mass of oxygen (O₂) is approximately 32 grams/mole. Therefore, \( \frac{1}{4} \) mole of O₂ produces \( \frac{1}{4} \times 32 = 8 \) grams of O₂.

6. **Conclusion**:
When 1 Faraday of electricity is passed through water, it produces 1 gram equivalent of hydrogen (H₂) and 8 grams of oxygen (O₂). However, since the question asks for the equivalent, we conclude that the electrolysis of water with 1 Faraday gives **1 gram equivalent of hydrogen**.

### Final Answer:
1 gram equivalent of hydrogen (H₂).