The best conductor of electricity is

Options

A. 1M `CH_(3)COOH` solution
B. 1M `H_(2)SO_(4)` solution
C. 1M HCl solution
D. 1M `H_(3)BO_(3)` solution

Answer

To determine the best conductor of electricity among the given solutions, we need to analyze the degree of ionization and the number of ions produced by each solution. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Identify the solutions and their properties
We have four solutions to consider:
1. 1 molar CS3COH (acetic acid)
2. 1 molar H2SO4 (sulfuric acid)
3. 1 molar HCl (hydrochloric acid)
4. 1 molar H3BO3 (boric acid)

### Step 2: Analyze the ionization of each solution
- **CS3COH (Acetic Acid)**: This is a weak acid and does not fully ionize in solution. It produces a limited number of ions:
\[ \text{CS3COH} \rightleftharpoons \text{CS3CO}^- + \text{H}^+ \]
The degree of ionization (α) is less than 100%, meaning it produces fewer ions.

- **H2SO4 (Sulfuric Acid)**: This is a strong acid and fully ionizes in solution. The ionization can be represented as:
\[ \text{H2SO4} \rightarrow 2\text{H}^+ + \text{SO4}^{2-} \]
This means for every 1 mole of H2SO4, we get 3 moles of ions (2 H+ and 1 SO4^2-).

- **HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)**: This is also a strong acid and fully ionizes:
\[ \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{H}^+ + \text{Cl}^- \]
Thus, 1 mole of HCl produces 2 moles of ions (1 H+ and 1 Cl^-).

- **H3BO3 (Boric Acid)**: This is a weak acid and does not fully ionize. It produces fewer ions compared to strong acids.

### Step 3: Compare the number of ions produced
- **CS3COH**: Produces 2 ions (CS3CO^- and H^+), but not fully ionized.
- **H2SO4**: Produces 3 ions (2 H^+ and SO4^2-), fully ionized.
- **HCl**: Produces 2 ions (H^+ and Cl^-), fully ionized.
- **H3BO3**: Produces fewer ions, weakly ionized.

### Step 4: Determine the best conductor
The conductivity of a solution is directly related to the number of ions present. Since H2SO4 produces the maximum number of ions (3 ions per molecule), it will have the highest conductivity.

### Conclusion
The best conductor of electricity among the given solutions is **1 molar H2SO4 solution**.

### Final Answer
**Option 2: 1 molar H2SO4 solution.**

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