Sea gulls excrete excess of NaCl from

Sea gulls excrete excess salts from:

Alkaptomuries excrete excess of

Fill in the blanks: Sea gulls excrete salts through ___________ gland.

In the quantitative estimation of Ag^(o+) ions as AgCl , solution of NaCl is used as the precipitating reagent. Why a large excess of NaCl should be avoided?

Addition of excess AgNO_(3) to NaCl solution gives positively charged AgCl sol, while AgNO_(3) solution on treating with excess of NaCl solution yields negatively charged AgCl sol. Explain with reason.

Presence of excess sodium makes NaCl crystal coloured. Explain on the basis of the crystal defects.

Presence of excess Sodium makes NaCl crystal coloured. Explain on the basis of crystal defects.