Discuss Faraday's experiment of bar magnet and coil for generation of electric current in coil.

Explanation

Figure shows a coil `C_1` connected to a galvanometer G.

When the North-pole of a bar magnet is pushed towards the coil, the pointer in the galvanometer deflects, indicating the presence of electric current in the coil. The deflection lasts as long as the bar magnet is in motion. When the magnet is moved away from the coil, the galvanometer shows deflection in the opposite direction, which indicates reversal of the current.s direction. The galvanometer does not show any deflection when the magnet is kept stationary
Moreover, when the South-pole of the bar magnet is moved towards or away from the coil, the deflections in the galvanometer are opposite to that observed with the North-pole for similar movements.
Further, the deflection (and hence current) is found to be larger when the magnet is pushed towards or pulled away from the coil faster.
Instead, when the bar magnet is kept fixed and the coil `C_1` is moved towards or away from the magnet, the same effects are observed.
Conclusion : (1) Relative motion between the magnet and the coil that is responsible for generation (induction) of electric current in the coil. (2) When relative motion between two coil is reversed, direction of induced current is also reversed.