Acetaldehyde to but-2-enoic acid

How will you carry out the following conversions : Acetaldehyde to lactic acid.

Convert the following : (a) ethanal to propanone (b ) ethanal to lactic acid (c ) Ethanal to 2-hydroxybut -3-enoic acid (d ) Acetaldehyde to formaldehyde. (e ) formaldehyde to acetaldehyde (f ) Acetaldehyde to crotonic acid .

Conversion of Acetaldehyde into lactic acid ( alpha - Hydroxypropionic acid )

In order to convet but-2-enal to but-2-enoic acid which of the following reagent is required ?

How would you perform the following conversions? (i) Ethanol to 2-Hydroxybut-3-enoic acid (ii) Acetaldehyde to Butan-1-ol (iii) Acetophenone to 2- Phenylbutan-2-ol (iv) Ethanol to 3-Hydroxybutanol (v) Ethanol to Acetone

What is the catalyst used in the conversion of acetaldehyde to acetic acid?

what is structure for but-2-enoic acid ?