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Write a note on oxidation states of grou...

Write a note on oxidation states of group-17 elements.

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All halogens show (-1) oxidation state. However, chlorine, bromine and iodine exhibit (+1), (+3), (+5) and (+7) oxidation state due presence of d-orbitals in valance shell, the electrons can be promoted to rf-orbitals. The oxidation states depend on the number of singly occupied orbitals.

The chlorine, bromine and iodine are known to show higher oxidation states with fluorine and oxygen e.g. interhalogens, oxides and oxoacids.
The oxidation states of (+4) and (+6) occur in the oxides and oxoacids of chlorine and bromine.
The fluorine atom has no d-orbitals in its valance shell and therefore cannot expand its octet. Being the most electronegative, it exhibits only (-1) oxidation state.
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