Explain IUPAC nomenclature for halosubstituted hydrocarbons.

Explanation

Scheme :
`2^(@)` prefix - `1^(@)` prefix - Rootword - `1^(@)` suffix - `2^(@)` suffix
For halosubstituted hydrocarbons :
`1^(@)` suffix `rArr` - ane (for `-overset("|")underset("|")("C")-overset("|")underset("|")("C")-`)
- ene (for `gt C = C lt`)
- yne (for `-C-=C-`)
Rootword `rArr` Depending upon total number of carbon atom in a parent chain.
Ex. : Meth, Eth - , Prop - etc.
`1^(@)` Prefix `rArr` Cyclo - (for aliphatic cyclic compounds)
`2^(@)` Prefix `rArr` Halo - Ex. : Fluoro -, Chloro - , Bromo - , Iodo - and alkyl grops.
`2^(@)` Suffix `rArr` Suffix of most senior functional group (Not applicable in alkylhalides)
Examples :

The dihaloalkanes having the same type of halogen atoms are named as alklidene or alkylene dihalides.
Both halogens on adjacent carbon atom `rArr` Vicinal dihalide
Both halogens on same atom `rArr` Geminal dihalide
Common name of Geminal dihalides `rArr` Alkylidene halides
Common name of Vicinal dihalides `rArr` Alkylene dihalides
`{:(CH_(3)-CHCl_(2),"(Geminal dihalide)"),("1,1-dichloroethane","(IUPAC)"),("Ethylidene chloride","(Common name)"),(underset("Cl ")underset("| ")(CH_(2))-underset("Cl ")underset("| ")(CH_(2)),"(Vicinal dihalide)"),("1,2-Dichlorethane","(IUPAC)"),("Ethylene dichloride","(Common name)"):}`