Suggest three contraceptive methods to control the size of human population which is essential for the health and prosperity of a country. State the basic principle involved in each.

Explanation

Three methods of contraception are-
(i) Barrier method or mechanical method/ Condom/ Diaphragm, to prevent the meeting of sperms and ova.
(ii) Chemical method/ Oral pills-Changes the hormonal balance of the female partner so that the eggs are not released.
(iii) Surgical method-to block the vas deferens in males/ vasectomy or the fallopian tube (oviduct) in females/ tubectomy, to prevent the transfer of sperms or egg and hence no fertilization takes place.
(iv) IUCDs/ Loop or the copper-T placed in the uterus, to prevent pregnancy.