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A diatomic molecule has a dipole moment ...

A diatomic molecule has a dipole moment 1.2D. If the internuclear distance is `1A^@`, what is the fraction of charge exists on each atom?

A

`0.25 `

B

`0.5`

C

`0.33`

D

`0.75`

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The correct Answer is:
A
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Covalent molecules formed by heteroatoms bound to have some ionic character. The ionic character is due to shifting of the electron pair towards A or B in the molecule AB. Hence, atoms acquire small and equal charge but opposite in sign. Such a bond which has some ionic character is described as polar covalent bond. Polar covalent molecules can exhibit dipole moment. Dipole moment is equal to the product of charge separation, q and the bond length, d for the bond. The unit of dipole moment is Debye. One Debye is equal to 10^(-18) esu cm. Dipole moment is a vector quantity. It has both magnitude and direction. Hence, dipole moment of molecules depends upon the relative orientation of the bond dipoles, but not on the polarity of bonds alone. A symmetrical structure shows zero dipole moment. Thus, dipole moments help to predict the geometry of the molecules. Dipole moment values can be used to distinguish between cis-and traps-isomers, ortho-, meta-and para-forms of a substance, etc. The percentage of ionic character of a bond can be calculated by the application of the following formula : % " ionic character " = ("Experimental value of dipole moment ")/("Theoretical value of dipole moment ") xx 100 Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of dipole moments, toluene (I), o- dichlorobenzene (II), m-dicblorobenzene (III) and p dichlorobenzene (IV) :

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AAKASH SERIES-CHEMICAL BONDING-OBJECTIVE EXERCISE-2B
  1. Which of the following will have zero dipole moment?

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  2. The molecules BF3 and NF3 are covalent compounds. But BF3 is non-pol...

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  3. Which of the following has highest dipole moment?

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  4. BeF2 has zero dipole moment where as H2 Ohas a dipole moment because

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  5. Molecule with dipole moment among the following

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  6. Which of the following has highest dipole moment?

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  7. A molecule MX3 has zero dipole moment. The % of's' character in the h...

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  8. A diatomic molecule has a dipole moment 1.2D. If the internuclear dist...

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  9. The C-H bond distance is largest in

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  10. In compounds of type ECl3, where E = B, P, As or Bi, the angles CI-E -...

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  11. The geometry of H(2)S and its dipole moment are

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  12. In O(2), H(2)O(2) and O(3) the correct order of oxygen -oxygen bond le...

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  13. The correct order of bond lengths is

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  14. Bone energy is least in the following

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  15. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?

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  16. Bond length of H2 is 0.074nm, Bond length of Cl2 is 1.98A^@. Bond leng...

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  17. Average C-H energy is 416 KJ.mol^(-1) Which of the following is correc...

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  18. The decreasing order of bond dissociation energies of C-C, C-H and H-H...

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  19. The highest dipolemoment is of

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  20. The correct order of N-O bond length in No, NO(2)^(-) and NO(3)^(-) wi...

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