A : Most minerals must enter the root by active absorption into the cytoplasm of epidermal cells.
R : Minerals are present in the soil as charged particles.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1)
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2)
C. Assertion is true statement but Reason is false, then mark (3)
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements , then mark (4)

Answer

To solve the assertion and reason question, we will analyze both statements step by step.

**Step 1: Analyze the Assertion (A)**
- The assertion states that "Most minerals must enter the root by active absorption into the cytoplasm of epidermal cells."
- Active absorption is a process that requires energy, typically in the form of ATP. This process is essential for the uptake of minerals against their concentration gradient, meaning that minerals are absorbed from a region of lower concentration in the soil to a region of higher concentration in the root cells.

**Step 2: Analyze the Reason (R)**
- The reason states that "Minerals are present in the soil as charged particles."
- Minerals in the soil often exist as ions, which are charged particles. These ions can be positively charged (cations) or negatively charged (anions). The presence of these charged particles is crucial because it influences how minerals interact with the root cells and how they are absorbed.

**Step 3: Determine the Truth of Each Statement**
- Both the assertion and the reason are true. Active absorption is indeed the primary method through which roots take up minerals, and these minerals are typically found in the soil as charged ions.

**Step 4: Evaluate the Relationship Between A and R**
- The reason (R) provides a valid explanation for the assertion (A). The fact that minerals are present as charged particles explains why active absorption is necessary; the roots need to use energy to transport these ions into the cells.

**Conclusion: Final Answer**
- Both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

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