Identify the substitute group, that acts as ortho-para director, during electrophilic substitution in aromatic compounds.

For an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction

For an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction :

How many groups are op director in the electrophilic aromatic substitution ?

Although chlorine is an electron withdrawing group, yet it is ortho-, para- directing in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Why?

Although chlorine is an electron withdrawing group, yet it is ortho-, para- directing in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Why?