How various components are absorbed through the process of absorption ? Give explanation.

Explanation

Absorption is the process by which the end products of digestion pass through the intestinal mucosa into the blood or lymph.
(1) Monosaccharide like Glucose, Amino acid `Cl^-` ions `to` simple diffusion
(2) Fructose and some Amino acid `underset"carrier ions"overset(Na^(+))to` facilitated transport.
(3)Water `to` Osmotic gradient .
Active Transport occurs against concentration gradient and hence requires energy various nutrients like amino acids, monosaccharides like glucose, electrolytes like `Na^+` are absorbed into the blood by this mechanism.
Fatty acids and glycerol being insoluble cannot be absorbed into the blood. They are first incorporated into small droplets called micelles.
They are reformed into very small protein coated fat globules called the chylomicrons which are transported into the lymph vessels (lacteals) in the villi. These lymph vessels ultimately release the absorbed substances into the blood stream.
Following table shows summery of absorption in different parts of Digestive System.