How are the male and female gametophytes of pteridophytes and gymnosperms different from each other ?

Explanation

To understand the differences between the male and female gametophytes of pteridophytes and gymnosperms, we can break down the characteristics of each group step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Male Gametophytes:**
- **Pteridophytes:** The male gametophyte is represented by the antheridium, which produces flagellated sperm. This means that the sperm has a tail and can swim.
- **Gymnosperms:** The male gametophyte is represented by pollen grains, which produce non-flagellated sperm. This means that the sperm does not have a tail and cannot swim.

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