How many alcohols with molecular formula `C_(4)H_(10)O` are chiral in nature ?

Options

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Explanation

To determine how many alcohols with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O are chiral, we need to follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the possible structural isomers of C₄H₁₀O
The molecular formula C₄H₁₀O corresponds to alcohols. We will focus only on the alcohol isomers.

1. **n-Butanol (1-butanol)**:
- Structure: CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂OH
- Type: Primary alcohol

2. **2-Butanol**:
- Structure: CH₃-CH(OH)-CH₂-CH₃
- Type: Secondary alcohol

3. **tert-Butanol (2-methylpropan-2-ol)**:
- Structure: (CH₃)₃COH
- Type: Tertiary alcohol

### Step 2: Analyze each isomer for chirality
A chiral molecule must have a carbon atom that is bonded to four different substituents.

1. **n-Butanol**:
- The carbon atoms in n-butanol do not have four different substituents. Therefore, it is **not chiral**.

2. **2-Butanol**:
- The carbon atom bonded to the OH group (the second carbon) has the following substituents:
- CH₃ (methyl group)
- CH₂ (ethyl group)
- CH₂ (from the other side of the chain)
- OH (hydroxyl group)
- This carbon has four different substituents, making it **chiral**.

3. **tert-Butanol**:
- The carbon with the OH group has three methyl groups and one hydroxyl group. Since it has two identical methyl groups, it is **not chiral**.

### Step 3: Count the chiral alcohols
From the analysis:
- n-Butanol: Not chiral
- 2-Butanol: Chiral
- tert-Butanol: Not chiral

Thus, there is only **one chiral alcohol** with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O.

### Final Answer
The number of chiral alcohols with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O is **1**.

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