Explain the term 'energy currency'. Which substance acts as energy currency in plants and animals?

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Definition of Energy Currency**: The term 'energy currency' refers to a molecule that stores and provides energy for various biochemical processes within living organisms. It acts as a medium through which energy is transferred and utilized for cellular functions.

2. **Role of ATP**: In both plants and animals, the primary substance that acts as the energy currency is Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). ATP is a nucleotide that consists of an adenosine molecule bonded to three phosphate groups.

3. **Production of ATP**:
- In animal cells, ATP is produced mainly in the mitochondria through cellular respiration, a process that converts biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP.
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