Chromosomes are made up of

Options

A. DNA
B. Protein
C. DNA and protein
D. RNA

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Chromosomes**: Chromosomes are thread-like structures found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. They are visible during cell division and are responsible for carrying genetic information.

2. **Composition of Chromosomes**: Each chromosome is primarily made up of two components: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and proteins.

3. **Role of DNA**: DNA is the genetic material that contains the instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms. It is organized into segments called genes, which are responsible for hereditary traits.

4. **Role of Proteins**: The proteins associated with DNA in chromosomes are known as histones. These proteins help in packaging the DNA into a compact, organized structure, allowing it to fit within the nucleus.

5. **Structure of Chromosomes**: The DNA is tightly coiled around histone proteins, forming a structure that is essential for the proper organization and regulation of genetic material. This coiling is what gives chromosomes their characteristic X-shape during cell division.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, chromosomes are made up of DNA and proteins, specifically histones.

**Final Answer**: Chromosomes are made up of DNA and proteins.

---