Top soil contains the following

Options

A. Humus and living organisms only
B. Humus and soil particles only
C. Humus, living organisms and plants
D. Humus, living organisms and soil particles

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Soil Layers**: Soil is divided into several layers, each with distinct characteristics and components. The top layer is known as topsoil.

2. **Identifying Topsoil**: Topsoil is the uppermost layer of soil and is considered the most fertile part. It is crucial for plant growth.

3. **Components of Topsoil**:
- **Humus**: This is a dark brown compound formed by the decomposition of organic matter, such as leaves and plant parts, by microorganisms. Humus enriches the soil with nutrients.
- **Living Organisms**: Various microorganisms and small animals (like earthworms) inhabit the topsoil, contributing to the decomposition process and nutrient cycling.
- **Soil Particles**: Topsoil also contains small pieces of rocks and minerals, which are essential for providing structure and nutrients to the soil.

4. **Analyzing Options**: The question provides multiple-choice options regarding what topsoil contains.
- Option A: Humus and living organisms only
- Option B: Humus and soil particles only
- Option C: Humus, living organisms, and plants
- Option D: Humus, living organisms, and soil particles

5. **Selecting the Correct Answer**: The correct answer is Option D, which states that topsoil contains humus, living organisms, and soil particles. This combination is what makes topsoil fertile and capable of supporting plant life.

**Final Answer**: Topsoil contains humus, living organisms, and soil particles (Option D).

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