Chloromethane on treatment with excess of ammonia yields mainly

Options

A.
B. N-Methylmethaneamine(`CH_(3)-NH-CH_(3)`)
C. methanamine`(CH_(3)NH_(2))`
D. mixture containing all these in equal proportion

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the reaction of chloromethane with excess ammonia, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
We start with chloromethane, which is represented by the chemical formula CH₃Cl. The other reactant is ammonia (NH₃).

**Hint:** Remember that chloromethane is different from chloroform; it has one chlorine atom attached to a methyl group.

### Step 2: Understand the Reaction Conditions
The question states that chloromethane is treated with "excess" ammonia. This implies that there is a large amount of ammonia compared to chloromethane.

**Hint:** Excess ammonia means that there is more ammonia available than chloromethane, which affects the products formed.

### Step 3: Predict the Reaction
When chloromethane reacts with ammonia, a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs. The ammonia acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbon atom bonded to chlorine, leading to the substitution of the chlorine atom.

**Hint:** In nucleophilic substitution reactions, the nucleophile replaces the leaving group (in this case, chlorine).

### Step 4: Determine the Main Product
With excess ammonia, the primary product formed from the reaction is methanamine (CH₃NH₂). The ammonia replaces the chlorine atom in chloromethane.

**Hint:** Focus on the fact that excess ammonia favors the formation of the primary amine.

### Step 5: Consider Other Possible Products
If ammonia were present in equal amounts to chloromethane, we could have a mixture of products, including N-methylmethanamine and N,N-dimethylmethanamine. However, since we have excess ammonia, these secondary and tertiary amines are not formed.

**Hint:** The ratio of reactants influences the types of products formed in the reaction.

### Conclusion
Therefore, when chloromethane is treated with excess ammonia, the main product formed is **methanamine (CH₃NH₂)**.

**Final Answer:** Methanamine (CH₃NH₂)