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Every relation which is symmetric and tr...

Every relation which is symmetric and transitive is also reflexive.

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To determine whether every relation that is symmetric and transitive is also reflexive, we can analyze a specific example. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Define the Relation and Set**: Let \( R = \{(1, 2), (2, 1), (1, 1), (2, 2)\} \) be a relation defined on the set \( A = \{1, 2, 3\} \). 2. **Check for Symmetry**: A relation \( R \) is symmetric if for every \( (a, b) \in R \), \( (b, a) \) is also in \( R \). - In our relation, we see that \( (1, 2) \in R \) and \( (2, 1) \in R \). - Additionally, \( (1, 1) \) and \( (2, 2) \) do not violate symmetry as they are self-pairs. - Therefore, \( R \) is symmetric. 3. **Check for Transitivity**: A relation \( R \) is transitive if whenever \( (a, b) \in R \) and \( (b, c) \in R \), then \( (a, c) \) must also be in \( R \). - We have \( (1, 2) \in R \) and \( (2, 1) \in R \). Since both are in \( R \), we check if \( (1, 1) \) is in \( R \), which it is. - The pairs \( (1, 1) \) and \( (2, 2) \) do not affect transitivity since they are self-pairs. - Therefore, \( R \) is transitive. 4. **Check for Reflexivity**: A relation \( R \) is reflexive if for every element \( a \in A \), \( (a, a) \in R \). - We check the elements in set \( A \): - For \( 1 \): \( (1, 1) \in R \) - For \( 2 \): \( (2, 2) \in R \) - For \( 3 \): \( (3, 3) \notin R \) - Since \( (3, 3) \) is not in \( R \), the relation is not reflexive. 5. **Conclusion**: Since we found a relation that is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive, we conclude that the statement "Every relation which is symmetric and transitive is also reflexive" is false. ### Final Answer: The statement is **false**. ---

To determine whether every relation that is symmetric and transitive is also reflexive, we can analyze a specific example. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Define the Relation and Set**: Let \( R = \{(1, 2), (2, 1), (1, 1), (2, 2)\} \) be a relation defined on the set \( A = \{1, 2, 3\} \). 2. **Check for Symmetry**: ...
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