Which of the following represents saponification reaction ?

Options

A. `CH_(3)COONa+NaOHoverset(CaO)toCH_(4)+Na_(2)CO_(3)`
B. `CH_(3)COOH+C_(2)H_(5)OHoverset(H_(2)SO_(4))toCH_(3)COOC_(2)H_(5)+H_(2)O`
C. `2CH_(3)COOH+2Nato2CH_(3)COONa+H_(2)`
D. `CH_(3)COOC_(2)H_(5)+NaOHtoCH_(3)COONa+C_(2)H_(5)OH`

Explanation

To determine which of the following represents a saponification reaction, we need to understand what a saponification reaction is and how it occurs.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Saponification**:
- Saponification is a chemical reaction that occurs when a fat or oil (which is typically an ester) reacts with a strong base (like sodium hydroxide, NaOH). This reaction produces glycerol (an alcohol) and the sodium salt of a fatty acid (soap).

2. **Identifying the Components**:
- In a typical saponification reaction, we start with an ester (fat/oil) and a base (NaOH).
- The general reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{Ester} + \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{Glycerol} + \text{Sodium Salt of Fatty Acid} \]

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- We need to look at the provided options and identify which one includes an ester reacting with sodium hydroxide to produce an alcohol and a sodium salt of a carboxylic acid.

4. **Selecting the Correct Option**:
- According to the video transcript, the correct representation of the saponification reaction is option D. This option shows the ester reacting with sodium hydroxide to yield alcohol and the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question "Which of the following represents saponification reaction?" is option D.