During in vitro synthesis of DNA, a researcher used 2', 3'-dideoxy cytidine triphosphate as raw nucelotide in place of 2' -deoxy cytidine. What would be the consequnce?

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Components**: In DNA synthesis, nucleotides are the building blocks. The standard nucleotide for cytidine in DNA synthesis is 2'-deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP). In this case, the researcher is using 2', 3'-dideoxycytidine triphosphate (ddCTP).

2. **Identifying the Structural Difference**: The key difference between dCTP and ddCTP is that ddCTP lacks both a 2' and a 3' hydroxyl (-OH) group on the sugar moiety. This structural difference is crucial for the function of the nucleotide during DNA synthesis.

3. **Mechanism of DNA Synthesis**: During DNA synthesis, nucleotides are added to the growing DNA strand. The 3' hydroxyl group of the last nucleotide in the chain is essential for forming a phosphodiester bond with the incoming nucleotide. This bond is formed when the 3' hydroxyl group of the last nucleotide attacks the phosphate group of the incoming nucleotide.

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