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How would you account for the following?...

How would you account for the following?
(i)The atomic radii of the metals of the third (5d) series of transition elements are virtually the same as those of the corresponding members of the second (4d) series.
(ii)The `E^(@)` value for the `Mn^(3+)//Mn^(2+)` couple is much more positive than that for `Cr^(3+)//Cr^(2+)` couple or `Fe^(3+)//Fe^(2+)` couple.
(iii)The highest oxidation state of a metal is exhibited in its oxide or fluoride.

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(i) Due to Lanthanoid Contraction.
(ii) Due to stable-filled `3d^(5)` configuration of `Mn(2+)` or 3rd ionisation enthalpy of Mn. (iii) Because oxygen or Fluorine is highly electronegative element and small size.
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How would you account for the following : (i) The metallic radii of the third (5d) series of transition metals are virtually the same as those of the corresponding group members of the seconds (4d) series. (ii) There is a greater range of oxidation states among the actinoids than among the lanthanoids.

Why is the value for (Mn^(3+))/(Mn^(2+)) couple much more positive than that for (Cr^(3+))/(Cr^(2+)) or (Fe^(3+))/(Fe^(2+)) ? Explain

How would you account for the following ? (i) Many of the transition elements are known to form interstitial compounds. (ii) The metallic radii of the third (5d) series of transition metals are virtually the same as those of the correponding group members of the second (4d) series.

Explain why E^(@) for Mn^(3+)//Mn^(2+) couple is more positive than that for Fe^(3+)//Fe^(2+) (At. Nos. Mn=25,Fe=26)?

E_(Mn^(3+)//Mn^(2+))^@ is highly positive than that of E_(Cr^(3+)//Cr^(2+))^@orE_(Fe^(3+)//Fe^(2+))^@ because

Give reason for the folloiwng : (a) E_("value")^(@) for Mn^(3+)//Mn^(2+) couple is much more positive than that of Fe^(3+)//Fe^(2+) couple. (b) Sc^(3+) is colourless in aqueous solution whereas Ti^(3+) is coloured.

Assertion : In transition elements radii of 5d series are virtually the same as those of the corresponding members of 4d series. Reason : The filling of 4f orbitals before 5d orbitals results in regular decrease in atomic radii.

In 3d series , Mn shows highest oxidation state . Why ?

In 3d series , Mn shows highest oxidation state . Why ?

Assign reasons for the following : (i) The enthalpies of atomisation of transition elements are high. (ii) The transition metals and many of their compounds act as good catalyst. (iii) From element to element the actinoid contraction is greater than the lanthanoid contraction. (iv) The E^(@) value for the Mn^(3+)//Mn^(2+) couple is much more positive than that for Cr^(3+)//Cr^(2+) . (v) Scandium (Z = 21) does not exhibit variable oxidation states and yet it is regarded as transition element.

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