Explain the following with an exampe in each :
`{:((i)"Kolbe's reaction.",(i)"Reimer-Tiemann reaction."),((iii)"Williamson ether synthesis.",):}`

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Text Solution

#### 1. Kolbe's Reaction
Kolbe's reaction involves the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of sodium or potassium salts of carboxylic acids. When phenol is treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), it forms sodium phenoxide. The sodium phenoxide can then undergo a reaction with carbon dioxide (CO2) under pressure and heat, followed by acidification, leading to the formation of ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid).

**Example:**
- Start with phenol (C6H5OH).
- Treat with NaOH to form sodium phenoxide (C6H5O^- Na^+).
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