Explain the formation of depletion layer and potential barrier in p-n junction.
Draw the circuit diagram of a half wave rectifier and explain its working.

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution

#### Formation of Depletion Layer and Potential Barrier in a p-n Junction

1. **Understanding p-n Junction**:
- A p-n junction is formed by joining p-type and n-type semiconductors. The p-type semiconductor has an abundance of holes (positive charge carriers), while the n-type has an abundance of electrons (negative charge carriers).

2. **Diffusion of Charge Carriers**:
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