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One of the main objective of biotechnolo...

One of the main objective of biotechnology is to minimize the use of insecticides on cultivated crops. Explain with the help of a suitable example how insect resistant crops have been developed using techniques of biotechnology.

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By using the techniques of biotechnology, Insect resistant crops have been developed. Some strain of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produce protein crystals which contain a toxic insecticidal protein that kill some insects like lepidopterans, coleopterans and dipterans, etc.
Specific Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and cloned in bacteria.
Specific_ Bt toxin genes obatained from Bacillus thuringiensis are used in several crop plants like cotton by providing them resistance from insects.
Bt toxins arinsect-group specific, coded by a gene called cry which are of various types. Proteins encoded by the genes cry IAc and cry IIAb control the cotton boll worms, that of cryIAb controls corn borer.
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