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The 1^(st) , 2^(nd) and 3^(rd) terms of ...

The `1^(st)` , `2^(nd)` and `3^(rd)` terms of an arithmetic series are `a`, `b` and `a^(2)` where `'a'` is negative. The `1^(st)`, `2^(nd)` and `3^(rd)` terms of a geometric series are `a`, `a^(2)` and `b` respectively.
The sum of infinite geometric series is

A

`(-1)/(2)`

B

`(-3)/(2)`

C

`(-1)/(3)`

D

None of these

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To solve the problem, we need to find the sum of an infinite geometric series given the conditions of an arithmetic series and a geometric series. Let's break it down step by step. ### Step 1: Set up the equations from the arithmetic series The first three terms of the arithmetic series are given as \( a \), \( b \), and \( a^2 \). For these terms to be in an arithmetic progression (AP), we have the condition: \[ 2b = a + a^2 \] ### Step 2: Set up the equations from the geometric series The first three terms of the geometric series are \( a \), \( a^2 \), and \( b \). For these terms to be in a geometric progression (GP), we have the condition: \[ a^2 = \sqrt{a \cdot b} \] Squaring both sides gives us: \[ a^4 = ab \] ### Step 3: Solve the equations Now we have two equations: 1. \( 2b = a + a^2 \) (Equation 1) 2. \( a^4 = ab \) (Equation 2) From Equation 2, we can express \( b \) in terms of \( a \): \[ b = \frac{a^4}{a} = a^3 \] ### Step 4: Substitute \( b \) in Equation 1 Substituting \( b = a^3 \) into Equation 1 gives: \[ 2(a^3) = a + a^2 \] This simplifies to: \[ 2a^3 - a^2 - a = 0 \] ### Step 5: Factor the equation Factoring out \( a \): \[ a(2a^2 - a - 1) = 0 \] This gives us \( a = 0 \) or \( 2a^2 - a - 1 = 0 \). Since \( a \) is negative, we will ignore \( a = 0 \) and solve the quadratic equation: \[ 2a^2 - a - 1 = 0 \] ### Step 6: Use the quadratic formula Using the quadratic formula \( a = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} \): Here, \( a = 2 \), \( b = -1 \), and \( c = -1 \): \[ a = \frac{-(-1) \pm \sqrt{(-1)^2 - 4 \cdot 2 \cdot (-1)}}{2 \cdot 2} \] \[ = \frac{1 \pm \sqrt{1 + 8}}{4} \] \[ = \frac{1 \pm 3}{4} \] This gives us two potential solutions: \[ a = 1 \quad \text{or} \quad a = -\frac{1}{2} \] Since \( a \) is negative, we take \( a = -\frac{1}{2} \). ### Step 7: Find \( b \) Now substituting \( a = -\frac{1}{2} \) back into the equation for \( b \): \[ b = a^3 = \left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^3 = -\frac{1}{8} \] ### Step 8: Write the geometric series The first three terms of the geometric series are: \[ -\frac{1}{2}, \left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{4}, -\frac{1}{8} \] ### Step 9: Find the common ratio \( r \) The common ratio \( r \) can be found as: \[ r = \frac{\text{second term}}{\text{first term}} = \frac{\frac{1}{4}}{-\frac{1}{2}} = -\frac{1}{2} \] ### Step 10: Calculate the sum of the infinite geometric series The sum \( S \) of an infinite geometric series is given by: \[ S = \frac{a}{1 - r} \] Here, \( a = -\frac{1}{2} \) and \( r = -\frac{1}{2} \): \[ S = \frac{-\frac{1}{2}}{1 - (-\frac{1}{2})} = \frac{-\frac{1}{2}}{1 + \frac{1}{2}} = \frac{-\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{3}{2}} = -\frac{1}{3} \] ### Final Answer The sum of the infinite geometric series is: \[ \boxed{-\frac{1}{3}} \]

To solve the problem, we need to find the sum of an infinite geometric series given the conditions of an arithmetic series and a geometric series. Let's break it down step by step. ### Step 1: Set up the equations from the arithmetic series The first three terms of the arithmetic series are given as \( a \), \( b \), and \( a^2 \). For these terms to be in an arithmetic progression (AP), we have the condition: \[ 2b = a + a^2 \] ...
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