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Given below are a few electrolytes, indi...

Given below are a few electrolytes, indicate which one among them will bring about the coagulation of a gold sol quickest and in the least of concentration ?

A

NaCl

B

`MgSO_(4)`

C

`Al_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)`

D

`K_(4)[Fe(CN)_(6)]`

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To determine which electrolyte will bring about the coagulation of a gold sol quickest and in the least concentration, we can follow these steps: ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understand the Nature of Gold Sol**: - Gold sol is a colloidal solution of gold particles that carries a negative charge. 2. **Identify the Requirement for Coagulation**: - To coagulate a negatively charged sol, we need a positively charged ion (cation) to neutralize the charge and promote aggregation of the particles. 3. **List the Given Electrolytes**: - We need to analyze the given electrolytes based on their cationic components. The options typically include: - Sodium chloride (NaCl) - Na⁺ - Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) - Mg²⁺ - Aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃) - Al³⁺ - Potassium chloride (KCl) - K⁺ - Ferric cyanide (Fe(CN)₆) - Fe³⁺ 4. **Determine the Valency of Each Cation**: - Na⁺: Valency = 1 - Mg²⁺: Valency = 2 - Al³⁺: Valency = 3 - K⁺: Valency = 1 - Fe³⁺: Valency = 3 5. **Apply Hardy's Rule**: - According to Hardy's law, the coagulation power of an electrolyte is directly related to the valency of the cation. Higher valency cations will have a greater coagulation effect. 6. **Compare the Cations**: - Among the cations listed, Al³⁺ and Fe³⁺ have the highest valency (3). However, since both have the same valency, we need to consider the concentration needed for coagulation. 7. **Conclusion**: - Aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃) is expected to bring about coagulation of the gold sol quickest and in the least concentration due to its higher charge and effective coagulation power. ### Final Answer: - The electrolyte that will bring about the coagulation of a gold sol quickest and in the least concentration is **Aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃)**.
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