To solve the question regarding how alpha particles are represented, we can follow these steps:
### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. **Understanding Alpha Particles**:
Alpha particles are essentially the nuclei of helium atoms. They consist of two protons and two neutrons.
2. **Identifying the Atomic Number and Mass Number**:
- The atomic number (Z) of helium is 2, which indicates that it has 2 protons.
- The mass number (A) of helium is 4, which is the total number of protons and neutrons (2 protons + 2 neutrons = 4).
3. **Ionization State**:
- An alpha particle is a helium nucleus that has lost two electrons, resulting in a double positive charge. Therefore, it can be represented as \( \text{He}^{2+} \).
4. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the above information, alpha particles can be represented as \( \text{He}^{2+} \) or simply as an alpha particle denoted by the symbol \( \alpha \).
5. **Final Answer**:
- The correct representation of alpha particles is \( \text{He}^{2+} \) or \( \alpha \).
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