Which will from maximum boiling azeotrope ?

Options

A. `C_(6)H_(6) + C_(6)H_(5)CH_(3) ` solution
B. `HNO_(3)+H_(2)O` solution
C. `C_(2)H_(5)OH+H_(2)O` solution
D. n- hexane and n-heptane

Answer

To determine which mixture will form a maximum boiling azeotrope, we need to understand the concept of azeotropes and how they relate to Raoult's law.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Azeotropes:**
- An azeotrope is a mixture of two or more liquids that has a constant boiling point and composition throughout the distillation process. There are two types of azeotropes: minimum boiling and maximum boiling azeotropes.

2. **Identifying Maximum Boiling Azeotropes:**
- A maximum boiling azeotrope occurs when the mixture exhibits negative deviation from Raoult's law. This means that the vapor pressure of the mixture is lower than what would be expected based on the individual components' vapor pressures.

3. **Raoult's Law:**
- Raoult's law states that the partial vapor pressure of each component in a mixture is proportional to its mole fraction in the mixture. For a mixture to follow Raoult's law, the interactions between different components must be similar to those between the same components.

4. **Negative Deviation:**
- In a mixture that shows negative deviation, the interactions between different molecules (A and B) are stronger than the interactions between similar molecules (A with A or B with B). This stronger interaction leads to a higher boiling point for the mixture compared to the boiling points of the pure components.

5. **Example of Maximum Boiling Azeotrope:**
- A classic example of a maximum boiling azeotrope is the mixture of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and water. The interaction between HCl and water molecules is significantly stronger than the interactions between water molecules or HCl molecules alone, resulting in a higher boiling point for the mixture.

6. **Conclusion:**
- Therefore, the mixture that forms a maximum boiling azeotrope will be one where the interactions between the different components are much stronger than those between the individual components. In this case, the answer is the mixture that exhibits strong intermolecular forces leading to a higher boiling point.

### Final Answer:
The mixture that will form a maximum boiling azeotrope is the one where the interactions between the components (A and B) are significantly stronger than the interactions between the individual components.