In the following squence of reactions
`"Toluene" overset(KMnO_(4))(to)Aoverset(SOCl_(2))(to)Boverset(H_(2)//Pd)underset(BaSO_(4))(to),"C"" the product C is"`

Options

A. `C_(6)H_(5)CH_(3)`
B. `C_(6)H_(5)CH_(2)OH`
C. `C_(6)H_(5)CHO`
D. `C_(6)H_(5)COOH`

Answer

To solve the given sequence of reactions starting from toluene, we will follow each step carefully.

### Step 1: Oxidation of Toluene
- **Reaction**: Toluene (C6H5CH3) reacts with KMnO4.
- **Process**: KMnO4 is a strong oxidizing agent that oxidizes the methyl group (–CH3) of toluene to a carboxylic acid group (–COOH).
- **Product A**: The product formed is benzoic acid (C6H5COOH).

### Step 2: Conversion of Benzoic Acid to Benzoic Chloride
- **Reaction**: Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) reacts with SOCl2 (thionyl chloride).
- **Process**: SOCl2 converts the –COOH group of benzoic acid into a –COCl group, resulting in the formation of benzoic chloride.
- **Product B**: The product formed is benzoic chloride (C6H5COCl).

### Step 3: Reduction of Benzoic Chloride to Benzaldehyde
- **Reaction**: Benzoic chloride (C6H5COCl) undergoes reduction with H2 in the presence of Pd/BaSO4.
- **Process**: This reaction is known as the Rosenmund reduction, where the acyl chloride (–COCl) is reduced to an aldehyde (–CHO).
- **Product C**: The final product formed is benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO).

### Summary of Products
- **Product A**: Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH)
- **Product B**: Benzoic chloride (C6H5COCl)
- **Product C**: Benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO)

### Final Answer
The product C is **Benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO)**.

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