Micelles formation takes place

Options

A. below kraft temperature
B. above kraft temperature
C. below critical micells concentration
D. have no relation with kraft temperature

Answer

To solve the question regarding micelle formation, we need to understand the concepts of micelles, critical micelle concentration (CMC), and Kraft temperature. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Understanding Micelles
Micelles are aggregates of surfactant molecules that form in a solution. They consist of two parts:
- **Hydrophilic head**: This part is water-loving (polar) and interacts favorably with water.
- **Hydrophobic tail**: This part is water-hating (non-polar) and avoids water, typically consisting of hydrocarbon chains.

**Hint**: Remember that the hydrophilic part interacts with water, while the hydrophobic part does not.

### Step 2: Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC)
Micelles form when surfactant molecules reach a certain concentration in solution, known as the **critical micelle concentration (CMC)**. Below this concentration, surfactant molecules exist individually, while above this concentration, they aggregate to form micelles.

**Hint**: CMC is the threshold concentration for micelle formation.

### Step 3: Kraft Temperature
The **Kraft temperature** is the minimum temperature required for micelle formation. Below this temperature, micelles do not form, regardless of the concentration of surfactants.

**Hint**: Kraft temperature is essential for micelle formation; below it, micelles cannot form.

### Step 4: Analyzing the Options
Now, we evaluate the options given in the question:
1. **Below Kraft temperature**: This is incorrect because micelles cannot form below this temperature.
2. **Above Kraft temperature**: This is correct because micelles can form when the temperature is above Kraft temperature.
3. **Below critical micelle concentration**: This is incorrect because micelles do not form below CMC.
4. **Have no relationship with Kraft temperature**: This is incorrect because Kraft temperature is crucial for micelle formation.

**Hint**: Always relate the options back to the definitions of CMC and Kraft temperature.

### Conclusion
The correct answer is that micelle formation takes place **above Kraft temperature**.

**Final Answer**: Option 2 - Above Kraft temperature.