Explain about seed

Explanation

In angiosperms, the seeds is the final products of sexual reproduction, it is often described as a fertilised ovule. Seeds are formed inside fruits. Seed typically consists of seed coat (s), cotyledon (s) and an embryo axis. The cotyledons of the embryo are simple structures generally thick and swollen due to storage of food reserves. Mature seeds may be non albuminous or ex-albuminous. Non albuminous seeds have no residual endosperm as it is completely consumed during embryo development (eg. pea, groundnut). Albuminous seeds retain a part of endosperm as it is not completely used up during embryo development (e.g. wheat, maize, barely, castor)

In some seeds such as black pepper and beet, remnants of nucellus are also persistent. This residual, persistent nucellus is the perisperm.
Integuments of ovules harden as tough protective seed coats. The micropyte remains as a smal pore in the seed coat. This facilitates entry of oxygen and water into the seed during germination. As the seeds mature, its water content is reduced and seeds become relatively dry (10- 15 percent moisture by mass). The general metabolic activity of the embryo slows down. The embryo may enter a state of inactivity called dormancy or if favourable conditions are available (adequate moisture, oxygen adn sutable temperature) they germinate