How does a mutagen induce mutation ? Explain with example.

Explanation

A mutagen is a physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material, usually DNA. Different mutagens act on the DNA differently.
= Powerful mutagens may result in chromosomal instability, causing chromosomal breakages and rearrangement of the chromosomes such as translocation, deletion, and inversion. Ionizing radiations such as X-rays, gamma rays and alpha particles may cause DNA breakage and other damages.
= Ultraviolet radiations with wavelength above 260 nm are absorbed strongly by bases, producing pyrimidine dimers. Radioactive decay, such as 14C in DNA which decays into nitrogen.