What are structural isomers ? Give examples.

Explanation

Compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural formulae are known as structural isomers.
Examples :
(1) Structural isomers of butane `(C_(4)H_(10))` :

(2) Structural isomers of pentane `(C_(5)H_(12))` :
(a) `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(3)` n-Pentane (Pentane)
(b) `CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)CH-CH_(2)-CH_(3)` Isopentane (2-Methylbutane)
( c ) `CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)overset(CH_(3))overset(|)C-CH_(3)` Neopentane (2, 2-Dimethyl-propane)
(3) Structur5al isomers of hexane `(C_(6)H_(14))` :
(a) `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(3)` n-Hexane (Hexane)
(b) `CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)CH-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(3)` 2-Methylpentane
( c ) `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)CH-CH_(2)-CH_(3)` 3-Methylpentane
(d) `CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)CH-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)CH-CH_(3)` 2, 3-Dimethylbutane
(e) `CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)overset(CH_(3))overset(|)C-CH_(2)-CH_(3)` 2,2-Dimethylbutane