What short notes on the functions of the following hormones :
(a) Parathyroid hormone (PTH) , (b) Thyroid hormones, (c ) Thymosins
(d) Androgens, (e ) Estrogetns , (f) Insuling and Glucagon

Explanation

(a) Parathyorid hormone (PTH)
Its main function is to increase the level of calcium in blood. It promotes the reabsorption of calcium from nephrons and also, promotes the absorption of calcium from digrested food. Hence, It plays an important role in maintaining calcium balance in the body ?
(b) Thyroid hormones
Throxine, triiodothyronin, and thyrocalcitonin are secreted by the thyroid galnds. Thyroxin maintains the basall metaobolic rate of the body and regulates the carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Water and electrolyte balance of also maintained by throid hormones. Thyrocalcitonin or calcitonin lowers calcium level in blood plasma. It plays a significant role in calcium levels along with parathyroid hormone.
(c ) Thyosins
Thymosin is secreted be the thymus gland. Major role in immunity and also. Thymosins also help in the development of sex glands.
(d) Testosterone is a male sex harmone that regulates the developement of secondary sex characteristics such as facial hair, hoarse voice, development of reproductive organm etc. Androgens also regulate the development, mautration and functions of various male accessory organs such as epididymis and prostate glands. It stimulates spermatogenesis and formation of mature sperms. It also influences male sexual beheviour.
(e) Estrogens
Estrogen is the female sex hormone that controls the development of secondary sex characteristics such as enlargements of breasts and development of female reproductive organs. If plays a role in the development, growth and maturation of female secondary characteristics . It also helps in the developmentof growing ovarian follicles.
(f) Insulin and Glucagon
They regulate the blood glucose level in the body. `alpha`-cells secrete glucagon that maintain a normal blood glucose level inm the body, whereas `ÃŽÂ^(2)`-cells secrete insulin that regualtes the storage of glycogen in the liver.
Function of insulin (conversion of glucose to glucogen). The rapid conversion of glucose from the blood to glycogen in heptoytes and adipocytes results into a decreased glucose level. Insulin also prevents the formation of glycose from non-carbohydrate substance such as proteins and fats. So, it acts as a regulator of carbohydrate metabolism.
Function of glucagon- The main function of the glucagon is to increase the level of glucose when there is a deficiency of glucose in the body. This process is known as glycogenolysis.