Gemmae are asexual reproductive bodies of

Options

A. brown algae
B. mosses
C. liverworts
D. red algae

Answer

To answer the question "Gemmae are asexual reproductive bodies of," we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Gemmae**:
- Gemmae are specialized structures involved in asexual reproduction. They are typically small, multicellular bodies that can develop into new individuals.

2. **Identifying the Organisms**:
- We need to consider which groups of plants reproduce asexually using gemmae. The options provided are brown algae, mosses, liverworts, and red algae.

3. **Analyzing Brown Algae**:
- In brown algae, asexual reproduction occurs mainly through the formation of spores, specifically zoospores and aplanospores. Therefore, brown algae do not produce gemmae.

4. **Analyzing Mosses**:
- Mosses reproduce asexually through fragmentation and budding. They do not produce gemmae either.

5. **Analyzing Liverworts**:
- Liverworts are known to produce gemmae. These structures are typically cup-shaped and located on the dorsal surface of the thallus. They are green and can develop into new plants.

6. **Analyzing Red Algae**:
- Red algae reproduce asexually through monospores, which are not gemmae. Hence, this option is also incorrect.

7. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the analysis, the correct answer is that gemmae are asexual reproductive bodies of liverworts.

### Final Answer:
Gemmae are asexual reproductive bodies of **liverworts**.

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