In which of the following ways are mitosis and meiosis similar?

Options

A. Both have pairing of homologous chromosomes.
B. Both are preceded by DNA replication.
C. Both occur in all kinds of cells.
D. Both include separation of paired chromomes.

Answer

To determine the similarities between mitosis and meiosis, we can analyze the options provided in the question step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Mitosis and Meiosis**:
- Mitosis is a type of cell division that occurs in somatic (body) cells, resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells.
- Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in germ (reproductive) cells, resulting in four genetically diverse daughter cells.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option 1**: Both have pairing of homologous chromosomes.
- This statement is **incorrect**. Pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs during meiosis (specifically in prophase I), but not in mitosis.

- **Option 2**: Both are preceded by DNA replication.
- This statement is **correct**. Both mitosis and meiosis are preceded by DNA replication during the S phase of interphase, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.

- **Option 3**: Both occur in all kinds of cells.
- This statement is **incorrect**. Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, while meiosis occurs only in germ cells.

- **Option 4**: Both include separation of paired chromosomes.
- This statement is **partially correct** but misleading. In mitosis, sister chromatids are separated, while in meiosis, homologous chromosomes are separated in the first division, and sister chromatids are separated in the second division.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The only correct similarity between mitosis and meiosis from the options provided is that both processes are preceded by DNA replication.

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is **Option B: Both are preceded by DNA replication**.

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