Which one of the following statements is correct regarding blood pressure ?

Options

A. 130/90 mm Hg is considered high and requires treatment
B. 100/55 mm Hg is considered and ideal blood pressure
C. 105/50 mm Hg makes one very active
D. 190/110 mm Hg may harm vital organs like brain and kidney.

Explanation

To determine which statement is correct regarding blood pressure, we can analyze each option based on the information provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Blood Pressure**: Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and consists of two values: systolic and diastolic pressure.
- **Systolic Pressure**: This is the pressure during the contraction of the heart ventricles. The normal systolic pressure is around 120 mmHg.
- **Diastolic Pressure**: This is the pressure when the heart ventricles are relaxed. The normal diastolic pressure is around 80 mmHg.

2. **Identifying High and Low Blood Pressure**:
- High blood pressure (hypertension) is typically defined as a reading above 140/90 mmHg.
- Low blood pressure (hypotension) is defined as a reading below 90/60 mmHg.

3. **Evaluating Each Statement**:
- **Statement 1**: "130 by 90 mmHg is considered high blood pressure and it requires treatment."
- **Evaluation**: This is false. 130/90 mmHg is not classified as high blood pressure; it is considered elevated but not requiring treatment unless it consistently exceeds 140/90 mmHg.

- **Statement 2**: "100 to 55 mmHg is considered the ideal blood pressure."
- **Evaluation**: This is false. The ideal blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg, not 100/55 mmHg.

- **Statement 3**: "105 to 50 mmHg makes one very active."
- **Evaluation**: This is false. A blood pressure of 105/50 mmHg is below the normal range and can lead to symptoms of low blood pressure, such as lethargy or tiredness.

- **Statement 4**: "190 by 110 mmHg is very harmful to vital organs like the brain and kidney."
- **Evaluation**: This is true. A reading of 190/110 mmHg is significantly high and can indeed be harmful to vital organs due to the increased pressure.

4. **Conclusion**: The correct statement regarding blood pressure is that "190 by 110 mmHg is very harmful to vital organs like the brain and kidney."

### Final Answer:
The correct statement is: **"190 by 110 mmHg is very harmful to vital organs like brain and kidney."**

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