Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Deglutition starts as a reflex and then continues by voluntary action.
Statement 2: Oesophagus has smooth muscles in the beginning and striated muscles in the rest of its wall.

Options

A. (a) Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
B. (b) Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
C. (c) Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
D. (d) Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Explanation

To solve the question, we need to analyze both statements provided:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Analyze Statement 1**:
- Statement 1 claims that "Deglutition starts as a reflex and then continues by voluntary action."
- In reality, deglutition (the act of swallowing) begins as a **voluntary action**. The initial phase is under conscious control, as we decide to swallow food.
- After the initial voluntary phase, it continues as an **involuntary action** (reflex) as the food moves down the esophagus.

**Conclusion for Statement 1**: This statement is **incorrect**.

2. **Analyze Statement 2**:
- Statement 2 states that "Oesophagus has smooth muscles in the beginning and striated muscles in the rest of its wall."
- The structure of the esophagus is such that the **upper one-third** is composed of **striated muscles** (which are under voluntary control), while the **lower two-thirds** consist of **smooth muscles** (which are involuntary).

**Conclusion for Statement 2**: This statement is also **incorrect**.

3. **Final Conclusion**:
- Since both statements are incorrect, the correct answer to the question is **Option D**: Both statement 1 and 2 are incorrect.