Refer to the given flow chart. Milk casein `overset(Y)rarr` Paracasein `overset(Z)rarr`. Calcium paracaseinate (Curdiling of milk). In it, letter 'y' and 'z' denote

Options

A. rennin and `Ca^(++)`
B. `Ca^(++)` and rennin
C. rennin,HCL and `Ca^(++)`
D. renin and `Ca^(++)`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the flow chart that shows the conversion of milk casein to calcium paracaseinate, we need to identify what the letters 'Y' and 'Z' represent in the process of curdling milk.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Components:**
- The flow chart indicates that milk casein is converted into paracasein and then into calcium paracaseinate.
- Casein is a protein found in milk.

2. **Determine the Process of Conversion:**
- The conversion of milk casein to paracasein occurs through the action of an enzyme. This enzyme is known as **renin** (also referred to as rennet).
- Therefore, 'Y' in the flow chart represents **renin**.

3. **Identify the Next Conversion:**
- The conversion of paracasein to calcium paracaseinate involves the addition of calcium ions.
- Thus, 'Z' in the flow chart represents **calcium ions (Ca²⁺)**.

4. **Conclusion:**
- Based on the above analysis, we conclude that:
- 'Y' = Renin
- 'Z' = Calcium ions (Ca²⁺)

### Final Answer:
- Y = Renin
- Z = Calcium ions (Ca²⁺)