Cloaca is a small, median chamber that is used to pass

Options

A. faecal matter
B. urine
C. sperms
D. All of these

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Cloaca**: The cloaca is a small, median chamber found in certain vertebrates. It serves as a common opening for multiple bodily systems.

2. **Functions of Cloaca**: The cloaca is used to pass the contents of three major systems:
- **Digestive System**: It allows for the expulsion of fecal matter.
- **Urinary System**: It facilitates the elimination of urine.
- **Reproductive System**: It serves as an outlet for reproductive cells, including sperm.

3. **Presence in Animals**: The cloaca is present in several groups of animals, including:
- **Amphibians**: Such as frogs and toads.
- **Reptiles**: Such as snakes and lizards.
- **Birds**: All bird species have a cloaca.
- **Elasmobranchs**: This group includes sharks and rays.

4. **Absence in Other Animals**: The cloaca is not found in:
- **Placental Mammals**: Such as humans and other mammals that give live birth.
- **Most Bony Fish**: They have separate openings for the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the cloaca is a multifunctional chamber that is used to pass fecal matter, urine, and sperm in the animals that possess it.

**Final Answer**: Cloaca is used to pass fecal matter, urine, and sperm.

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