Photochemical phase does not include

Options

A. light absorpiton
B. water splitting and `O_(2)` release
C. ATP and NADPH formation
D. `CO_(2)` fixation.

Explanation

To answer the question "Photochemical phase does not include," we need to analyze the components of the photochemical phase of photosynthesis and identify which option does not belong to this phase.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Phases of Photosynthesis**:
- Photosynthesis consists of two main phases: the light-dependent reactions (photochemical phase) and the light-independent reactions (dark or biosynthetic phase).

2. **Identify the Photochemical Phase Activities**:
- The photochemical phase includes:
- Light absorption by chlorophyll.
- Water splitting (photolysis) which produces hydrogen ions and oxygen.
- Formation of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
- Formation of NADPH from NADP+ and hydrogen ions.

3. **Identify the Dark Reaction Activities**:
- The dark or biosynthetic phase includes:
- Carbon dioxide fixation, where CO2 is converted into glucose using the products of the light reactions (ATP and NADPH).

4. **Analyze the Given Options**:
- From the options provided:
- Light absorption: part of the photochemical phase.
- Water splitting and oxygen release: part of the photochemical phase.
- ATP and NADPH formation: part of the photochemical phase.
- Carbon dioxide fixation: part of the dark phase.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The activity that does not occur in the photochemical phase is **carbon dioxide fixation**.

### Final Answer:
The photochemical phase does not include carbon dioxide fixation.

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