During chemiosomotic synthesis of ATP, protons diffuse through `CF_(0)` channels that activates ATPase enzyme As a result, one molecule of ATP is formed when___passes thorugh ATPase.

Options

A. `4H^(+)`
B. `H^(+)`
C. `2H^(+)`
D. `6H^(+)`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the chemiosmotic synthesis of ATP and the number of protons required to form one molecule of ATP, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Chemiosmosis**: Chemiosmosis is the process by which ATP is synthesized in the chloroplasts during photosynthesis. It involves the movement of protons (H+) across a membrane, creating a proton gradient.

2. **Role of Thylakoid Membrane**: In the chloroplast, the thylakoid membrane contains two key components: the F0 and F1 particles. The F0 component facilitates the movement of protons from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma.

3. **Proton Gradient Creation**: As electrons are transferred through the photosystems (PS1 and PS2), protons are pumped from the stroma into the thylakoid lumen. This creates a higher concentration of protons in the lumen compared to the stroma, establishing a proton gradient.

4. **Proton Movement and ATP Synthesis**: When protons flow back from the lumen to the stroma through the F0 channel, they activate the ATPase enzyme (F1 particle). This activation catalyzes the conversion of ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) into ATP.

5. **Proton Requirement for ATP Formation**: It is established that two protons (2H+) are required to synthesize one molecule of ATP. This means that for every ATP molecule produced, two protons must pass through the ATPase enzyme.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the answer to the question is that one molecule of ATP is formed when **2 protons (2H+)** pass through ATPase.

### Final Answer:
One molecule of ATP is formed when **2 protons (2H+)** pass through ATPase.

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