A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine would contain abnormal quantities of

Options

A. fats
B. amino acids
C. glucose
D. ketones

Explanation

To solve the question, we need to understand the physiological changes that occur in a person undergoing prolonged fasting. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

### Step 1: Understand Prolonged Fasting
When a person undergoes prolonged fasting, their body does not receive any food intake for an extended period. This leads to a depletion of glucose reserves, and the body must find alternative sources of energy.

**Hint:** Consider what happens to energy sources in the body when food intake stops.

### Step 2: Energy Source Shift
During fasting, the body shifts from using glucose as its primary energy source to utilizing fat stores. The breakdown of fats (lipolysis) occurs to provide energy.

**Hint:** Think about what macromolecules are broken down for energy when carbohydrates are not available.

### Step 3: Formation of Ketone Bodies
As fats are oxidized for energy, they are converted into ketone bodies. This process is known as ketogenesis. Ketone bodies include acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone.

**Hint:** Identify the byproducts of fat metabolism during fasting.

### Step 4: Excretion of Ketone Bodies
With the increased production of ketone bodies, the kidneys filter these compounds out of the blood, leading to their presence in urine. This condition is referred to as ketonuria.

**Hint:** Consider what happens to excess metabolites produced during fat metabolism.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Given the options provided (fat, amino acids, glucose, ketones), the abnormal quantity found in the urine of a person undergoing prolonged fasting would be ketones.

**Final Answer:** The urine would contain abnormal quantities of ketones.

---