An X-ray of the lower abdomen shows a shadow in the region of the ureter suspected to be a ureteric calculus. A possible clinical symptom would be

Options

A. acute renal failure (ARF)
B. anuria and haematuria
C. motor aphasia
D. chronic renal failure (CRF)

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Context**: The question presents a scenario where an X-ray of the lower abdomen shows a shadow in the region of the ureter, which is suspected to be a ureteric calculus (kidney stone).

2. **Identifying Possible Symptoms**: In cases of ureteric calculus, common clinical symptoms include pain, urinary changes, and blood in urine. The two most relevant symptoms to consider here are anuria and hematuria.

3. **Defining Anuria**: Anuria is defined as the absence of urine production, which is typically less than 100 milliliters of urine in a day. It can occur due to kidney failure or obstruction in the urinary tract, such as a stone in the ureter.

4. **Defining Hematuria**: Hematuria refers to the presence of blood in the urine. This can occur due to irritation or damage to the urinary tract, which can happen when a calculus obstructs or injures the ureter.

5. **Evaluating Other Options**:
- Acute renal failure: This condition involves both kidneys failing to filter waste from the blood, which is not directly indicated by the presence of a ureteric calculus.
- Motor aphasia: This condition involves the inability to speak, which is unrelated to urinary symptoms.
- Chronic renal failure: This is a long-term condition where kidneys fail to filter waste effectively over time, which again is not directly related to the acute situation of a ureteric calculus.

6. **Conclusion**: Given the definitions and the context of ureteric calculus, the most likely clinical symptoms are anuria and hematuria.

**Final Answer**: A possible clinical symptom would be **anuria and hematuria**.

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