Which one of the following is incorrect for artherosclerosis ?

Options

A. Constriction of arterial lumen reduces the blood flow
B. Loss of dilation ability of the arterial wall and its rupture
C. Cholesterol deposition at the inner wall of the artery
D. Proliferation of the vascular muslces

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Atherosclerosis**: Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by the buildup of fatty materials, including cholesterol, on the inner walls of arteries. This leads to thickening of the arterial walls and narrowing of the arterial lumen, which can impede blood flow.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option 1**: "Constriction of arterial lumen to reduce blood flow." - This is correct because the buildup of fatty materials does lead to a narrowing of the arterial lumen, which reduces blood flow.
- **Option 2**: "Loss of dilation ability of the arterial wall and its structure." - This is the option we need to evaluate closely. While atherosclerosis can affect the ability of arteries to dilate, it does not necessarily mean that the ability to dilate is completely lost. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
- **Option 3**: "Cholesterol deposition at the inner wall of artery." - This is correct as cholesterol is indeed deposited on the inner walls of arteries in atherosclerosis.
- **Option 4**: "Proliferation of the vascular bundle." - This is also correct as the presence of factors like platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) can lead to the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.

3. **Identifying the Incorrect Statement**: Based on the analysis, Option 2 is the incorrect statement regarding atherosclerosis because it inaccurately suggests a complete loss of dilation ability of the arterial wall.

4. **Conclusion**: The answer to the question "Which one of the following is incorrect for atherosclerosis?" is **Option 2**: "Loss of dilation ability of the arterial wall and its structure."

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