Injury to vagus nerve is humans is not likely to affect

Options

A. tongue movements
B. gastrointestinal movements
C. breathing
D. cardiac movements

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Vagus Nerve**: The vagus nerve is the 10th cranial nerve out of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves in humans. It is classified as a mixed nerve, meaning it has both motor (movement) and sensory (feeling) functions.

2. **Understand the Functions of the Vagus Nerve**: The vagus nerve plays a crucial role in innervating several systems in the body. Specifically, it innervates:
- The respiratory system (affecting breathing).
- The heart (influencing heart rate and cardiac functions).
- The gastrointestinal tract (regulating digestive processes).

3. **Determine What is NOT Affected by the Vagus Nerve**: The question asks what function is not likely to be affected by an injury to the vagus nerve. Since the vagus nerve does not innervate the tongue, it will not affect tongue movements.

4. **Conclusion**: Based on the functions of the vagus nerve, the correct answer is that an injury to the vagus nerve is not likely to affect tongue movements, which is option A.

**Final Answer**: Option A - Tongue movements.

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